Which material commonly provides bracing to prevent buckling in load-bearing walls?

Sheathing materials are commonly used to provide bracing for load-bearing walls to prevent buckling. These materials are typically attached to the exterior of the wall framing and serve multiple functions, including adding structural strength and rigidity to the wall. By stiffening the wall assembly, sheathing materials help resist lateral forces, such as winds or seismic activity, which might otherwise cause the wall to buckle or distort.

Sheathing typically consists of materials like plywood or oriented strand board (OSB) and is essential in ensuring that the load-bearing walls can withstand the various stresses placed upon them. While metal studs can provide some structural support, they are often used in non-load bearing applications or in conjunction with sheathing materials. Drywall primarily serves a protective and aesthetic function, and insulation, while important for energy efficiency, does not provide structural support. Thus, sheathing materials are the most effective option for preventing buckling in load-bearing walls.